The Theoretical Background Upon Behavior Modification Techniques

The theoretical background upon mien limiting techniques Abstract manner readjustment is a technique intimately the change in undesired demeanour and enhancing desired fashion. In this paper is shown the recital of this technique, when it dates from, a theoretical background and the steps of the readjustment, in coordinate to be successful and thriving. This paper get out show one of the first experiments with the bearing modification and how they easeed this bearing technique to evolve, so to be instrugenial for therapeutic purposes as well as for parental purposes. Table of contents 1. Introduction.. 2 2. chronicle of behaviour modification.. 2 3. Principles of behavior modification.. 3 4. Techniques of behavior modification 3 5. travel of behavior modification.. 4 6. Conclusion . 4 7. Reference list . 5 1. Introduction Behavior modification is a technique concerning the change in the undesired behavior and enhancing desired behavior. It is an approach that aims to dispose the behavior of a person through the use of positive or ban reinforcement and punishment.Rewards much(prenominal) as approval, cloth, food or even money give the sack support and strengthen the desired behavior and improve its regularity and occurrence. Behavior modification technique is used in more different situations, change from the performance of children in their classroom, in their home or in the playground to the actions of adult prison inmates or people who need therapeutic treatment. For instance, if a child is doing her or his homework, this is a desired and wanted behavior. A teacher feces support this kind of activity by providing the child with praise or a star on a chart to encourage the child to repeat this behavior.In the next lesson the kid has make the homework in order to get another star. This is a behavior modification. 2. History of behavior modification The theoretical background of behavior modification technique dates since 1911 when thi s term is used for the first time by Edward Thorndike. The behavior modification can besides be traced to lab research in 1800s and 1900s. The greater occasion of this research was done through experimenting with animals. However, this technique is profoundly and intensely developed by American behavioristic Burrhus Frederic Skinner.He developed the idea of operant conditioning, which is the concept that the behavior of a person or an animal can be shaped by reinforcement or lack of one. (Skinner, B. F, 1938). Nowadays, these notions are used by parents and mental health professionals. Behaviorists strongly believe that people are a creation of their life experience with the faculty to manage their behavior and study new once. Many routine programs are about reducing cholesterol, beginning pressure or weight by using behavior modification techniques as a pith of thoroughly modifying eating habits.In another words, behavior modification technique is used to replace undesirable behavior with desirable once. It is the process of modifying a persons reaction to different stimuli. 3. Principles of behavior modification In the behavior modification technique there are two main principles and they are reinforcement and punishment both can be either positive or negative. The reinforcement fortifies the behavior. It is something that a person obtains as a government issue of their behavior that makes it more possible to do it again in the future. A positive reinforcement is about encouraging desirable behaviors through a technique of rewards.In the behavior therapy, therapists frequently make contracts with their patients and clients in order to establish the terms of the reward system. A negative reinforcement menacingust let ones wanted behavior which is rewarded with the elimination of a negative stimulus. On the other hand, the punishment lessens the behavior. It happens when a person obtain a consequence that they do not desire as an outcome of their beh avior. A positive one takes place when discarded behavior results in the addition of a negative stimulus. A negative punishment takes place when unwanted behavior results in the removal of an enjoyable and satisfying motivation.B. F. Skinner display positive and negative reinforcement. He draw a rat in a box. In this box there was a lever and when it was pushed it released food. The rat quickly understands that every time he pushed the lever he will receive food. In this outcome the positive reinforcement of receiving food made the rat to push the lever and so it has lever displace behavior. In Skinners other example, he put the rat in a different box with a lever. In this box there was an electric car current. The rat would push the lever, which immediately turned off the electric current.So, the rat learned to push it in order to stop the current. This behavior was reinforced by avoiding negative circumstances. According to B. F. Skinner the punishment have to be used only as a pass option. He thought so, because he believed that people will try harder for a prize than through reverence of punishment, so he stated that the positive reinforcement is more effective than the other methods. He also had the notion that the punishment did not result in the long run for the behavior modification, he believed that the punishment had only brief results. 4 . Techniques of behavior modificationIn the behavior modification there are three techniques which help to remodel negative thoughts or actions into positive ones and they are systematic desensitization, aversion and token economy. Systematic desensitization technique aid with lessen the fear associated with certain stimuli. The experience to the fear-producing stimuli, while focusing on stand-in techniques in the long run leads to the fear-inducing stimuli resulting in the easing response, rather than fear. Aversion technique support respite severe or just troublesome habits through associating aversive s timuli to the unwanted habits.In the end, the unwanted habits become think with the negative consequence and the behavior is diminished. The most effective behavior modification technique is the token economy, in the main with children. With this technique a wanted behavior results in the reward of a token -for instance a star or a poker chip on the other hand unwanted behavior result in taking away the token. When children gain a specific number of tokens, they get a meaningful item, opportunity or some kind of benefit in exchange for the tokens.Ultimately, the rewarding of tokens decreases the unwanted behavior on their own. 5. Steps of behavior modification The behavior modification technique is accessible for everyone individuals, families and ill people and they all have to follow some steps in order the behavior modification to be successful. The steps are related with identification, education, environmental changes, encouragement and discouragement. The identification of a problem whitethorn be easy when an adult choose to stop smoking, or difficult when a student often interrupt the teacher in class.Behavior modification techniques involve an educational part to begin the wanted changes. For instance, a teacher index explain to a child in positive ways to express annoyance with discussion, rather than throwing objects. Negative behaviors often take place in relation to exact circumstances. For instance, an overeater might eternally eat when watching TV or a smoker might always smoke when drunkenness coffee. Environmental changes diminish the chances for the negative behaviors to take place. When the proper behavior occurs, the individual obtain positive reinforcement.For example, a child who does her or his homework will be left to play games or extra hr on the playground. Negative reinforcement give unwanted consequences for keeping on the negative behavior. For instance, extra chores might be the consequence for a teenager acting disrespectf ully at home. 6. Conclusion A behavior modification technique has the potential to help many people as well as day-to-day behaviors and circumstances and also to aid in many unhealthinesss. This technique has proved as successful many different treatments.For instance, it has helped with children with autism, conduct disorders, many different phobias and addictions it also has helped in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as well as in parenting and classroom settings. In conclusion to be thriving it has to be followed five very important steps for successful behavior modification technique. First of all it has to be determining the ways for helping diminishing the problems. Secondly, it has to be developing a program designed to lessen the unwanted behavior and make stronger the wanted behavior.Third, it has to be carry out the program. Fourth, it has to be keep bearing records of progress. And fifth it has to be supervising the program and results and modi fy as necessary. 7. Reference list Fernandez, Cr. (2010) Examples of Behavior passing Techniques Available from http//www. livestrong. com/article/181974-examples-of-behavior-modification-techniques/ Accessed November 2012 Labrador, Fr. (2004) Skinner and the Rise of Behavior adaptation and Behavior Therapy Available from http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/15581239 Accessed November 2012 Martinez, El. 2010) Types of Behavior Modification Available from http//www. livestrong. com/article/123748-types-behavior-modification/ Accessed November 2012 Nayab, N (2011) Examples of Behavior Modification Approaches That Really Work Available from http//www. brighthub. com/office/ human being resources/articles/107630. aspx Accessed November 2012 Steeves, J. (2012) A Review of Different Behavior Modification Strategies Designed to Reduce Sedentary Screen Behaviors in Children Available from http//www. hindawi. com/journals/jobes/2012/379215/ Accessed November 2012